EMD: Diabetes and Obesity

		Technical Resources

		Technical Information

		Calbiochem Information

		Diabetes Resource

		Akt/PKB Signaling
		PI 3-K Signaling
		AMPK
		mTOR
		Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases
		GSK-3
		Lipids
		Sphingomyelinase
		HMG-CoA
		PPAR
		Phosphodiesterases
		Glucose Transporters
		Insulin like Growth factors
		IGF Receptor
		Insulin Mimetics
		JAK/STAT
		Tumor Necrosis Factor
		Inhibitors of Mitochondrial Function
		Sirtuins and Leptin
		Orexins, Resistin, Peptides, C-Reactive
		Other products of interest

Diabetes and Obesity: mTOR

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A Master Regulator of Growth Factor Signaling

The mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), a 298 kDa evolutionarily conserved serine/threonine kinase, acts as a nutrient sensor and regulates growth factor signaling and cellular metabolism. The catalytic kinase domain of mTOR, located in the in the C-terminal region, exhibits a strong homology to the catalytic domain of PI 3-K and PI 4-kinase. mTOR and p70S6 kinase 1 activation by insulin is shown to be significantly higher in tissues of obese rats coupled with increased inhibitory phosphorylation at Ser⁶³⁶/Ser⁶³⁹ on insulin receptor substrate-1 (IRS-1). Studies have shown that basal activation of mTOR and p70S6 kinase is higher in liver and skeletal muscle of obese rats fed a high fat diet, and this over-activated pathway may be involved in the development of insulin resistance in obese rats.

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References:
�	Tsang, C-K., et al. 2007. Drug Disc. Today 12, 112.
�	Tzatsos, A., and Kandror, K.V. 2006. Mol. Cell Biol. 26, 63.
�	Khamzina, L., et al. 2005. Endocrinology 146, 31473.
�	Asnaghi, L., et al. 2004. Pharmacol. Res. 50, 545.
�	Patti, M.E., and Kahn, B.B. 2004. Nat. Med. 10, 1049.
�	Tremblay, F., and Marette, A. 2001. J. Biol. Chem. 276, 38052.

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Antibodies

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Assay Kits

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Inhibitors

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Proteins/Enzymes

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Related Resource

mTOR Interactive Pathway

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