| Format: Flow cytometry | | Form: 60 Tests | | Detection Method: Fluorescence | | Assay Time: 4-5 h | | Sample Type: Cells | | Kit Contents: Positive Control Cells, Negative Control Cells, Wash Buffer, Reaction Buffer, TdT, Br-dUTP, Rinsing Buffer, Fluorescein PRB-1 mAb, PI/RNase Staining Buffer, and a user protocol. | | Comments: A two color TUNEL (Terminal deoxynucleotide transferase dUTP Nick End Labeling) assay for labeling DNA breaks and total cellular DNA to detect apoptotic cells by flow cytometry and microscopy. This kit labels the 3'-hydroxy termini of apoptotic DNA fragments with bromolated deoxyuridine triphosphate nucleotides (Br-dUTP). It is known that Br-dUTP is more readily incorporated into the genome of apoptotic cells compared to larger ligands, such as fluorescein or biotin. | | Ref.: Li, X. and Z. Darzynkiewicz, 1995. Cell Prolif. 28, 572. Li, X., Traganos, F., et al. 1995. Cytometry 20, 172. Nagata, S., and Golstein, P. 1995. Science 267, 1449. Steller, H. 1995. Science 26, 1445. Thompson, C. B. 1995. Science 267, 1456. Darzynkiewicz, Z., et al. 1994. in Methods in Cell Biology: Flow Cytometry, 2nd edition., Darzynkiewicz, Z., Crissman, H. A., and Robinson, J. R., eds., Academic Press. Darzynkiewicz, Z., et al. 1992. Cytometry 13, 795. Lockshin, R.A. and Zakeri, Z. Programmed cell death and apoptosis. In: L. D. Tomei and F. D. Cope (eds.), Current Communications in Cell and Molecular Biology, Vol. 3., pp. 47-60. Cold Springs Harbor, NY: Cold Springs Laboratory, 1991. Strasser, A., et al. 1991. Cell 67, 889. Arends, M. J., et al. 1990. Am. J. Pathol. 136, 593. Hasbold, J., and Klaus, G. G. B. 1990. Eur. J. Immunol. 20, 1685 Benedetti, A., et al. 1988. J. Hepatol. 7, 319. Buttyan, R., et al. 1988. Mol. Endocrinol. 2, 650. Eschenfeldt, W. H., et al. 1987. in Enzymology 152: 337-342, Berger, S. L., and Kimmel, A. R., eds., Academic Press, 1987. Goldman, A. S., et al. 1983. Proc. Soc. Exp. Biol. Med. 174, 239. Weedon, D., and Strutton, G. 1981. Acta Derm. Venerol. 61, 335. Appleby, D. W., and Modak, S. P., 1977. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 74, 5579. |
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